Surgical treatment of osteomyelitis and sequestration of the ilium by a cranial partial hemipelvectomy in an alpaca cria     

AS Bischofberger  CM Dart  AJ Dart 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(7):283-285

A 12-week-old female alpaca cria weighing 10 kg presented with a 2-month history of left hindlimb lameness associated with osteomyelitis and sequestration of the shaft and wing of the left ilium. The affected segment of the ilium was surgically removed. Bacteriological culture revealed a small number of mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The cria recovered well, was discharged from the hospital 8 days after surgery and was paddock sound without complications 8 months later. Osteomyelitis and sequestration of long bones has been reported in alpacas, but further investigation is necessary to define the prevalence and pathogenesis and to develop specific recommendations for prevention and treatment.  相似文献   

Survey of the therapeutic approach and efficacy of pentosan polysulfate for the prevention and treatment of equine osteoarthritis in veterinary practice in Australia     

CM Kramer  AS Tsang  T Koenig  LB Jeffcott  CM Dart  AJ Dart 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(12):482-487

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Comparison of the tibial mechanical joint orientation angles in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture     

Mark C. Fuller  Amy S. Kapatkin  Kenneth A. Bruecker  Ian G. Holsworth  Philip H. Kass  Kei Hayashi 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2014,55(8):757-764

Use of the tibial mechanical joint orientation angles is now the standard of care for evaluating tibial deformities, although they have not been used to evaluate dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture. The objective of this study was to compare the tibial mechanical joint orientation angles and tibial plateau angle (TPA) between dogs with bilateral CrCL rupture (BR) and unilateral CrCL rupture with (UR-SR) and without subsequent contralateral CrCL rupture (UR-w/o-SR) as risk factors for subsequent contralateral CrCL rupture. Twenty dogs (21.7%) were classified as BR, 38 (41.3%) were classified as UR-SR, and 34 (37.0%) were classified as UR-w/o-SR. The tibial mechanical joint orientation angles and TPA, in the range studied (< 35°), were not statistically different for dogs with BR, UR-SR, and UR-w/o-SR, and were not significant risk factors for subsequent contralateral CrCL rupture.  相似文献   

Effects of electrostimulated acupuncture on ground reaction forces and pain scores in dogs with chronic elbow joint arthritis     

Kapatkin AS  Tomasic M  Beech J  Meadows C  Boston RC  Mayhew PD  Powers MY  Smith GK 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2006,228(9):1350-1354

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether use of electrostimuluated acupuncture (ESA) would result in significant improvements in ground reaction forces and lameness scores in dogs with chronic elbow joint osteoarthritis secondary to elbow joint dysplasia. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled, crossover clinical trial. ANIMALS: 9 dogs with chronic forelimb lameness and radiographic evidence of elbow joint osteoarthritis. PROCEDURES: All dogs had a 3-week control acclimation period during which gait analysis was performed weekly. Dogs then received ESA once weekly for 3 weeks followed by a sham treatment once weekly for 3 weeks or received the sham treatment followed by ESA. Gait analysis was repeated prior to each treatment, and owners were asked to provide pain scores by use of a visual analog scale method. RESULTS: Treatment (control, acupuncture, or sham) did not have a significant effect on ground reaction forces for any limb. Owners of 8 of the 9 dogs were able to correctly guess the time period when ESA was delivered. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that ESA did not have any significant effects on severity of lameness, as determined by measurement of ground reaction forces, or severity of pain, as determined by visual analog scale pain scores, in dogs with chronic elbow joint osteoarthritis secondary to elbow joint dysplasia.  相似文献   

Clinical field study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the amino-acetonitrile derivative, monepantel, compared with registered anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in Australia   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

BC Hosking  TM Griffiths  RG Woodgate  RB Besier  AS Le Feuvre  P Nilon  C Trengove  KJ Vanhoff  BG Kaye-Smith  W Seewald 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(11):455-462

Objective   To determine the efficacy of monepantel, a developmental compound from the amino-acetonitrile derivative class of anthelmintics, against field infections of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep.
Procedures   Comparisons of efficacy (using standard faecal worm egg count reduction tests) and safety (on the basis of visual observations) were made in a large-scale field study in Australia, between groups of sheep treated with either an oral solution of monepantel or a registered anthelmintic. The sheep were naturally infected with the major gastrointestinal nematode genera present in Australia.
Results   The post-treatment efficacy results for monepantel were: at 7 days (±1 day) efficacy was >98%; at 14 days (±1 day) it was generally close to or >99%; and at 21 days (±1 day) efficacy was consistently >99%. A high proportion of the targeted nematode populations were confirmed as being resistant to one or more of the currently available anthelmintic classes.
Conclusions   Monepantel when used under field conditions at a minimum dose rate of 2.5 mg/kg was highly effective against mixed-genus natural field infections of the major gastrointestinal nematode genera including Haemonchus , Teladorsagia ( Ostertagia ), Trichostrongylus , Nematodirus , Chabertia and Oesophagostomum . This result included efficacy against some populations resistant to the currently available broad-spectrum anthelmintics. Few Cooperia spp. were present to allow confirmation of efficacy against this genus. On no occasion after treatment did any commercial anthelmintic-treated groups have significantly lower faecal egg counts than the monepantel-treated groups. Monepantel was safe for the target animals and human operators when used in a field situation.  相似文献   

Ovarian Follicular Dynamics of five-eighths Girolando Cows     

AS Santos Filho  MAL Oliveira  JGL Caldas  PF Lima  & IV Donato 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(3-4):207-210

The objective of this study was to examine the follicular dynamics of five-eighths Girolando cows by observing the number of follicular development waves, days of emergence of those waves, diameters of the dominant and largest subordinate follicles and the processes of follicular selection and dominance. Ovarian follicle dynamics were monitored for 24 oestrous cycles in 12 cows, of 4 to 10 years of age, presenting regular oestrous cycles and with body scores between 3 and 4. Ovaries were observed daily for two consecutive oestrous cycles and follicles were measured with ultrasonographic equipment. The dominant follicle was considered to be that which presented a diameter ≥ 10 mm for three consecutive days and on the day of wave emergence, when a group of follicles measuring 3–5 mm in diameter would appear. Of the 24 cycles monitored, 62.5% presented two waves of follicular development and 37.5% presented three waves. The cycles presenting two waves had an average duration of 20 days, with the emergence of the waves on days 1 and 9, whereas the cycles presenting three waves had an average duration of 22 days, with emergences on days 1, 10 and 16. For cycles with two waves, both the first and second dominant follicles reached an average size of 13.8 mm, with the first regressing on day 10 and the second ovulating around day 20. For cycles with three waves, the dominant follicles of the first and second waves reached maximum diameters of 11.8 and 12 mm, respectively, with the first regressing on day 11 and the second regressing on day 17. The third dominant follicle reached a maximum diameter of 12.4 mm on day 20, and ovulated on day 22. These results lead to the conclusion that the follicular dynamics of five-eighths Girolando cows are characterized by the presence of two to three waves of follicular growth.  相似文献   

Linear body measurements and productivity of subtropical Holstein–Friesian dairy calves     

A Hewitt  TWJ Olchowy  AS James  B Fraser  S Ranjbar  M Soust  JI Alawneh 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(7):280-289

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Potential role of lava lizards as pollinators across the Galápagos Islands     

Sandra HERVÍAS‐PAREJO  Manuel NOGALES  Beatriz GUZMN  María del Mar TRIGO  Jens M. OLESEN  Pablo VARGAS  Ruben HELENO  Anna TRAVESET 《Integrative zoology》2020,15(2):144-148

Lizards have been reported as important pollinators on several oceanic islands. Here we evaluate the potential role of Galápagos lava lizards (Microlophus spp.) as pollinators across their radiation. Over 3 years, we sampled pollen transport by 9 lava lizard species on the 10 islands where they are present, including 7 single‐island endemics. Overall, only 25 of 296 individuals sampled (8.4%) transported pollen of 10 plant species, the most common being Prosopis juliflora, Exodeconus miersii, Sesuvium sp. and Cordia leucophlyctis. At least 8 of these plant species were native, and none were confirmed as introduced to the archipelago. Despite the low overall proportion of individuals carrying pollen, this was observed in 7 of the nine lizard species, and on 8 of the ten main islands (Española, Fernandina, Floreana, Isabela, Marchena, Pinta, Santa Cruz and Santiago), suggesting that this is a widespread interaction. The results reported here support the potential role of lava lizards as pollinators across their radiation, although they may represent a relatively modest contribution when compared with birds and insects. However, we cannot discard that lizards may be ecologically significant for particular plant species and ecosystems given the specific climatic condition and functional diversity of each island.  相似文献   

Reliability and validity of a visual analogue scale used by owners to measure chronic pain attributable to osteoarthritis in their dogs     

Hielm-Björkman AK  Kapatkin AS  Rita HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(5):601-607

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Pathological pigmentation in cardiac tissues of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) with cardiomyopathy syndrome     

Hilde AS Fagerland  Lars Austb?  Camilla Fritsvold  Marta Alarcon  Espen Rimstad  Knut Falk  Torunn Taksdal  Erling O Koppang 《Veterinary research》2013,44(1):107

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